Symbols & Numbers | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Index: B

b (branch) command, sed editor: 34.20. Making Edits Everywhere Except...

34.20. Making Edits Everywhere Except...

background color: 8.6.2. Configuring It

background jobs: 24.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

bringing into foreground with fg command: 23.2.2. Using Job Control from Your Shell

killing: 23.1. Job Control in a Nutshell

listing with their job numbers: 23.1. Job Control in a Nutshell

notification of state change in: 23.8. Notification When Jobs Change State

putting into foreground: 23.1. Job Control in a Nutshell

suspending with stop command: 23.1. Job Control in a Nutshell

background processes: 1.10. The Kernel and Daemons

23.1. Job Control in a Nutshell

24.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

exit status, testing with if statement: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

exit status of: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

listing with jobs command: 23.2.2. Using Job Control from Your Shell

output from, stopping: 23.9. Stop Background Output with stty tostop

overloading system with: 23.4. Some Gotchas with Job Control

preventing continuation after logout: 24.14. Killing All Your Processes

running at lower priority with nice command: 23.4. Some Gotchas with Job Control

shell capabilities for manipulating: 23.2.2. Using Job Control from Your Shell

stopping automatically upon attempt to write to screen: 23.1. Job Control in a Nutshell

watching: 25.9. Waiting a Little While: sleep

backquotes (see `, under Symbols)

BACKSPACE key: 5.8. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters

Emacs editor: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

erase character: 37.8. Cleaning script Files

location for: 3.18. A .cshrc.$HOST File for Per Host Setup

backup files

bkedit script: 35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

Emacs: 1.12. Filename Extensions

19.4. Backup and Auto-Save Files

ignoring with ls -B: 8.7. Some GNU ls Features

file ownership and: 50.3. Who Will Own a New File?

ispell program: 16.2. Check Spelling Interactively with ispell

macro for creation in vi editor: 18.14. File-Backup Macros

backup option (xrdb): 6.8. Setting Resources with xrdb

backups: 38.1. What Is This "Backup" Thing?

compression, advantages and disadvantages of: 38.5.4. To gzip, or Not to gzip?

cpio tape archiver: 38.13. The cpio Tape Archiver

excluding files from: 38.9. On-Demand Incremental Backups of a Project

GNU tar, using with remote tape drive: 38.8. Using GNU tar with a Remote Tape Drive

incremental: 38.9. On-Demand Incremental Backups of a Project

industrial strength: 38.14. Industrial Strength Backups

making to a local device: 38.5. How to Make Backups to a Local Device

deciding what to back up: 38.5.1. What to Back Up

floppies or zip disks: 38.5.3. Backing Up to Floppies or Zip Disks

tape: 38.5.2. Backing Up to Tape

making your own: 38.3. Make Your Own Backups

protecting against accidental file deletions: 14.4. Tricks for Making rm Safer

RCS and CVS: 39.4. Managing and Sharing Files with RCS and CVS

to remote tape drive using tar: 38.7. Using tar to a Remote Tape Drive

restoring files from tape with tar: 38.6. Restoring Files from Tape with tar

remote restoring: 38.6.2. Remote Restoring

restoring a few files: 38.6.1. Restoring a Few Files

tar utility: 38.2. tar in a Nutshell

absolute pathnames, avoiding: 38.11. Avoid Absolute Paths with tar

avoiding absolute pathnames: 38.11. Avoid Absolute Paths with tar

options for: 38.4. More Ways to Back Up

tar command line arguments, order of: 38.12. Getting tar's Arguments in the Right Order

wildcards, using: 38.10. Using Wildcards with tar

utilities for: 38.5.4. To gzip, or Not to gzip?

versions control systems, using: 38.4. More Ways to Back Up

barewords used as hash keys: 41.5.3. Hashes

base64 encoding: 21.12.2. MIME Encoding

basename program: 36.13. Using basename and dirname

bugs in: 36.13.1. Introduction to basename and dirname

examples: 36.8. Save Disk Space and Programming: Multiple Names for a Program

loops, using with: 36.13.2. Use with Loops

bash (Bourne-again shell): 1.6. There Are Many Shells

1.6. There Are Many Shells

27.1. What the Shell Does

{ } (pattern-expansion characters): 28.4. Build Strings with { }

aliases: 29.2. Introduction to Shell Aliases

29.4. Setting and Unsetting Bourne-Type Aliases

arrays

browsing directories with: 9.23.1. Using the Stored Lists

expanding ranges: 9.23.2. Expanding Ranges

bash2, built-in kill command: 24.15. Killing Processes by Name?

BASH_ENV variable: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

.bashrc file: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

.bashrc or .bash_profile, hung terminals and: 5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In

case statements: 3.10. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

choosing built-in, external, or shell functions: 27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

command history (see history of commands)

command-line editing: 30.14.5. bash Editing

completion features: 28.6. Automatic Completion

hostnames: 28.6.3. Command-Specific Completion

disown command: 23.11. Disowning Processes

dynamic prompts, simulating: 4.4. Simulating Dynamic Prompts

editing history substitutions: 28.5. String Editing (Colon) Operators

environment variables for shell functions, changing: 29.12. Shell Function Specifics

environment variables, unsetting: 35.3. What Environment Variables Are Good For

exit status of command line, reversing: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

exporting shell functions: 29.13.1. Exporting bash Functions

fc -l command, listing previous commands with: 30.7. History by Number

forcing to use internal exit command: 3.8. Setup Files Aren't Read When You Want?

globbing (wildcard expansion), preventing: 33.2. Filename Wildcards in a Nutshell

hash command: 27.6. Controlling Shell Command Searches

history -r command, cautions about: 30.7. History by Number

history file: 30.12.1. bash, ksh, zsh

ignoreeof variable: 4.19. Stop Accidental Bourne-Shell Logouts

job control commands: 23.1. Job Control in a Nutshell

limiting file size: 15.5.1. limit and ulimit

loading changed PATH: 27.6. Controlling Shell Command Searches

login and nonlogin, startup files: 3.4.1. Login Shells

logout file, running commands when logging out: 4.17. Running Commands When You Log Out

octal character strings: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

parameter expansion shortcuts: 37.5. Quoting and Command-Line Parameters

passing command history to: 30.13. Pass History to Another Shell

pre-prompt commands: 4.16. Preprompt, Pre-execution, and Periodic Commands

4.16. Preprompt, Pre-execution, and Periodic Commands

process substitution: 28.1. What's Special About the Unix Command Line

prompts: 4.2. Static Prompts

$ in: 1.7. Which Shell Am I Running?

newline (n) character in: 4.7. Multiline Shell Prompts

nonprinting escape characters: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

showing directory stack: 4.14. dirs in Your Prompt: Better Than $cwd

subshell level, showing: 4.12. Show Subshell Level with $SHLVL

read-only functions: 29.12. Shell Function Specifics

redirecting standard I/O: 43.1. Using Standard Input and Output

scripts in this book: 27.3.5. Bourne Shell Used Here

SHLVL environment variable: 4.12. Show Subshell Level with $SHLVL

showargs script: 27.5. Output Command-Line Arguments One by One

special characters/operators: 27.17. "Special" Characters and Operators

string editing operators: 36.7. Parameter Substitution

stty tostop command, background jobs writing to terminal: 23.9. Stop Background Output with stty tostop

terminal port type, putting into ttykind shell variable: 3.15. Terminal Setup: Searching Terminal Table

ulimit -c command, removing limits on core dumps: 15.5.1. limit and ulimit

wildcards, failing to match: 33.4. What if a Wildcard Doesn't Match?

BASH_ENV environment variable: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

.bash_login file: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

.bash_profile file: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

CDPATH variable: 31.5. Saving Time When You Change Directories: cdpath

.bashrc file

CDPATH variable: 31.5. Saving Time When You Change Directories: cdpath

logout file, making all top-level interactive shells read: 3.8. Setup Files Aren't Read When You Want?

batch editing: 20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

awk utility: 20.10. Quick Reference: awk

command-line syntax: 20.10.1. Command-Line Syntax

operators: 20.10.4. Operators

20.10.4. Operators

patterns and procedures: 20.10.2. Patterns and Procedures

system variables: 20.10.3. awk System Variables

changing many files by editing one: 20.6. Change Many Files by Editing Just One

ed editor

example: 20.7. ed/ex Batch Edits: A Typical Example

failure on big files: 20.8. Batch Editing Gotcha: Editors Fail on Big Files

ex editor

example: 20.7. ed/ex Batch Edits: A Typical Example

useful commands: 20.4. Useful ex Commands

line addressing: 20.3. Line Addressing

patch program: 20.9. patch: Generalized Updating of Files That Differ

running scripts in vi: 20.5. Running Editing Scripts Within vi

scripts, writing: 20.2. Writing Editing Scripts

BEGIN and END patterns, awk: 20.10.2.1. Patterns

behead script: 21.5. Remove Mail/News Headers with behead

21.12.2. MIME Encoding

Bell Labs research operating system (Plan 9): 1.6. There Are Many Shells

Berkeley-based Unix

ex, vi, view, edit commands, linked to same executable file: 36.8. Save Disk Space and Programming: Multiple Names for a Program

group file ownership: 50.2.2. Which Group is Which?

printing commands: 45.2.1. lpr-Style Printing Commands

tr command, ranges in: 21.11. Hacking on Characters with tr

Berkeley Internet Name Daemon (bind): 46.9. Domain Name Service (DNS)

DNS cache, setting up local: 46.9. Domain Name Service (DNS)

bg command: 23.1. Job Control in a Nutshell

23.2.2. Using Job Control from Your Shell

putting jobs in background: 5.6.3. Program Waiting for Input?

bgnice option (ksh): 24.20. The Process Chain to Your Window

bg_nice option (zsh): 24.20. The Process Chain to Your Window

/bin directory: 7.4. A bin Directory for Your Programs and Scripts

40.1. /usr/bin and Other Software Directories

40.1. /usr/bin and Other Software Directories

/bin/passwd, automating: 28.18.2. Automating /bin/passwd

/bin/time utility: 26.2. Timing Programs

programs in: 1.9. Internal and External Commands

remote shell (rsh): 6.10.2. Starting a Remote Client with rsh and ssh

binary characters, inserting into Emacs files: 19.10. Inserting Binary Characters into Files

binary files

accessible by users in /usr/bin subdirectory: 40.1. /usr/bin and Other Software Directories

archiving system test file: 38.10.3. Wildcard Gotchas in GNU tar

encoding into ASCII: 21.12. Encoding "Binary" Files into ASCII

MIME encoding: 21.12.2. MIME Encoding

uuencoding: 21.12.1. uuencoding

executables, access time updates: 14.17. Deleting Stale Files

searching for words in: 13.15. Finding Words Inside Binary Files

system, in /sbin directory: 40.1. /usr/bin and Other Software Directories

bind (Berkeley Internet Name Daemon): 46.9. Domain Name Service (DNS)

DNS cache, setting up: 46.9. Domain Name Service (DNS)

bind command: 30.14.4. ksh Editing

-l option: 30.14.4. ksh Editing

binding operator (=~): 41.7. Perl Boot Camp, Part 4: Pattern Matching

bindkey command

-c option: 30.14.3. tcsh Editing

-k option: 30.14.3. tcsh Editing

-l option: 30.14.3. tcsh Editing

-v option: 30.14.6. zsh Editing

tcsh editing: 30.14.3. tcsh Editing

bit bucket: 15.3. Save Space with "Bit Bucket" Log Files and Mailboxes

bitmaps: 45.19. The Portable Bitmap Package

bitwise or (|) operator: 41.4. Perl Boot Camp, Part 1: Typical Script Anatomy

bkedit script: 35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

ending and setting exit status: 35.16. Set Exit Status of a Shell (Script)

parameter substitution in: 36.7. Parameter Substitution

blank lines, squashing extras: 12.7. Squash Extra Blank Lines

blank shell prompts: 4.13. What Good Is a Blank Shell Prompt?

blocks

of bytes, counting with tail -b command: 12.9. Finer Control on tail

of code, defining in Python: 42.3.1. Indentation

of text, defining with patterns: 17.13. Moving Blocks of Text by Patterns

of related options in smb.conf files: 47.2. Installing and Configuring Samba

body of email, forming properly: 21.12.2. MIME Encoding

bold text: 5.18.1. VT Fonts Menu

8.6.1. Trying It

Boolean operators: 41.5.1. Scalars

combining awk patterns with: 20.10.2.1. Patterns

/boot directory: 40.1. /usr/bin and Other Software Directories

boot -v command: 44.2. Reading Kernel Boot Output

boundary-checking versions of C functions: 48.4. What We Mean by Buffer Overflow

Bourne shells: 1.6. There Are Many Shells

27.1. What the Shell Does

27.3.3. Types of Shells

(see also bash; ksh; sh; zsh)

newlines in prompts: 4.7. Multiline Shell Prompts

profile file: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

scripts in this book, running on: 27.3.5. Bourne Shell Used Here

types of: 27.3.3. Types of Shells

branch (b) command, sed editor: 34.20. Making Edits Everywhere Except...

34.20. Making Edits Everywhere Except...

break command: 31.6. Loop Control: break and continue

35.23. Loop Control: break and continue

awk: 20.10.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

broken links: 10.5. Creating and Removing Links

browseable option (smb.conf): 47.2. Installing and Configuring Samba

browsers

closing window by killing its processes: 24.22.2. Example #2: A Web Browser

for Samba: 47.4. SWAT and GUI SMB Browsers

SMB network: 47.4. SWAT and GUI SMB Browsers

text copied from, reformatting: 5.21. Tips for Copy and Paste Between Windows

BSD Unix

file ownership: 50.14. Why Can't You Change File Ownership?

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, support of: 40.1. /usr/bin and Other Software Directories

group membership: 49.6. Groups and Group Ownership

make utility, versions of: 40.3. Which make?

nice command: 26.5. Know When to Be "nice" to Other Users...and When Not To

26.5.2. BSD Standalone nice

C shell: 26.5.1. BSD C Shell nice

ps -a command: 24.7.2. BSD

ps -aux command: 24.5. The ps Command

ps ax command: 24.7.2. BSD

renice command: 26.5. Know When to Be "nice" to Other Users...and When Not To

26.7. Changing a Running Job's Niceness

signals: 24.10. What Are Signals?

user/group infrastructure: 49.1. Unix User/Group Infrastructure

bsplit utility: 21.9. Splitting Files at Fixed Points: split

buffer overflow, security vulnerability: 48.4. What We Mean by Buffer Overflow

buffers

edited, saving as files in vi: 17.10. Keep Your Original File, Write to a New File

hold space in sed: 34.14. Hold Space: The Set-Aside Buffer

numbered, recovering vi editor deletions in: 17.7. Get Back What You Deleted with Numbered Buffers

pattern space in sed: 34.14. Hold Space: The Set-Aside Buffer

pipes, buffering of output: 43.8. Send Output Two or More Places

recovered with vi -r, cautions about: 17.20. Be Careful with vi -r Recovered Buffers

vi editor, using to copy and move text: 17.6. Using Buffers to Move or Copy Text

buildhash script: 16.5. Adding Words to ispell's Dictionary

built-in commands: 27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

builtin command, forcing use with: 27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

C shell, determining whether to use: 27.10. Which One Will the C Shell Use?

faster prompt setting with: 4.6. Faster Prompt Setting with Built-ins

shells: 1.9. Internal and External Commands

bunzip2 file decompression program: 15.6. Compressing Files to Save Space

button presses

defining with xmodmap: 6.1. Defining Keys and Button Presses with xmodmap

byte order, converting with dd: 21.13. Text Conversion with dd

bzip2 utility: 15.6. Compressing Files to Save Space

38.4. More Ways to Back Up

38.5.4. To gzip, or Not to gzip?

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