Symbols & Numbers | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Index: T

T-shell (see tcsh shell)

t (test) command, sed editor: 34.21. The sed Test Command

table of contents, tar files: 39.2. Using tar to Create and Unpack Archives

39.2. Using tar to Create and Unpack Archives

tables

column -t command: 21.16. Make Columns Automatically with column

creating with nroff and sed: 21.3. Alternatives to fmt

tabs

as argument separators: 27.12.1. Special Characters

filenames ending in: 8.11. Can't Access a File? Look for Spaces in the Name

TAB characters

added by diff command: 11.6. Problems with diff and Tabstops

displaying with cat -t and -e options: 12.4. Show Nonprinting Characters with cat -v or od -c

stripping in Bourne shell: 27.16. Here Documents

window systems running vi: 18.5. Keymaps for Pasting into a Window Running vi

TAB key, file completion and: 28.7. Don't Match Useless Files in Filename Completion

tail command: 12.8. How to Look at the End of a File: tail

-f option: 24.9.4. Statistics of Processes by PID

43.5. Redirection in C Shell: Capture Errors, Too?

log file, monitoring with: 37.1.1. Use -xv

monitoring file growth: 12.10. How to Look at Files as They Grow

-l (lines) option: 12.9. Finer Control on tail

-n option: 12.9. Finer Control on tail

-r (reverse) option: 12.9. Finer Control on tail

comparison with rot command: 21.21. Rotating Text

c option (count characters) or b option (count blocks): 12.9. Finer Control on tail

GNU version

follow=name and retry options: 12.11. GNU tail File Following

follow option: 12.11. GNU tail File Following

tail of a path name

dirs output for C shell prompt: 4.14. dirs in Your Prompt: Better Than $cwd

:t operator: 28.5. String Editing (Colon) Operators

talk utility: 1.21. Unix Networking and Communications

2.7. What tty Am I On?

tape, backups to: 38.5.2. Backing Up to Tape

cpio program: 38.13. The cpio Tape Archiver

remote tape drives

using GNU tar: 38.8. Using GNU tar with a Remote Tape Drive

using tar: 38.7. Using tar to a Remote Tape Drive

restoring files with tar: 38.6. Restoring Files from Tape with tar

remote restoring: 38.6.2. Remote Restoring

tar utility

absolute pathnames, avoiding: 38.11. Avoid Absolute Paths with tar

backing up to tape: 38.5.2. Backing Up to Tape

compression, arguments for and against: 38.5.4. To gzip, or Not to gzip?

copying directory trees: 10.13. Copying Directory Trees with tar and Pipes

disk space optimization and: 15.7. Save Space: tar and compress a Directory Tree

encoding tarfiles into 7-bit: 21.12.1. uuencoding

filename extensions: 1.12. Filename Extensions

filename wildcards and: 33.3. Who Handles Wildcards?

functions: 39.2. Using tar to Create and Unpack Archives

GNU tar command

-c and -T options: 14.17. Deleting Stale Files

features of: 39.3. GNU tar Sampler

making backups: 38.2. tar in a Nutshell

online archives, creating: 39.1. Packing Up and Moving

remote tape drive, using for backups: 38.7. Using tar to a Remote Tape Drive

restoring files from tape: 38.6. Restoring Files from Tape with tar

remote restoring: 38.6.2. Remote Restoring

restoring a few files: 38.6.1. Restoring a Few Files

tar command

-c (create) option: 38.4. More Ways to Back Up

-f (file) option: 38.4. More Ways to Back Up

-I option to run bzip2: 15.7. Save Space: tar and compress a Directory Tree

-l option (for links): 15.7. Save Space: tar and compress a Directory Tree

-t option: 38.6.1. Restoring a Few Files

-t or -tv options, listing files in archive: 15.7. Save Space: tar and compress a Directory Tree

-v (verbose) option: 10.13. Copying Directory Trees with tar and Pipes

38.4. More Ways to Back Up

-z option to run gzip: 15.7. Save Space: tar and compress a Directory Tree

C option: 10.13. Copying Directory Trees with tar and Pipes

command-line arguments, order of: 38.12. Getting tar's Arguments in the Right Order

extracting all files from archive: 15.7. Save Space: tar and compress a Directory Tree

extracting some files from archive: 15.7. Save Space: tar and compress a Directory Tree

options: 39.2. Using tar to Create and Unpack Archives

unpacking archives: 30.3. My Favorite Is !$

43.1. Using Standard Input and Output

wildcards, using: 38.10. Using Wildcards with tar

with GNU tar: 38.10.2. With GNU tar

Tcl: 28.18. Expect

tclsh shell: 1.6. There Are Many Shells

TCP: 46.1. TCP/IP — IP Addresses and Ports

wrapper programs: 48.12. TCP Wrappers

tcpd daemon: 48.12. TCP Wrappers

tcpdump program: 46.4. Where, Oh Where Did That Packet Go?

TCP/IP

IP addresses and ports, addresses: 46.1.1. Internet Protocol (IP)

SMB traffic, mapping onto: 47.2. Installing and Configuring Samba

TCP, UDP, and ICMP: 46.1.2. Layer 4 Protocols: TCP, UDP, and ICMP

tcp_wrappers package: 46.5. The Director of Operations: inetd

tcsh shell: 1.6. There Are Many Shells

24.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

27.1. What the Shell Does

27.3.3. Types of Shells

30.13. Pass History to Another Shell

(see also C shell)

{ } (pattern-expansion characters), building strings with: 28.4. Build Strings with { }

aliases: 29.2. Introduction to Shell Aliases

with command-line arguments: 29.3. C-Shell Aliases with Command-Line Arguments

command history: 30.1. The Lessons of History

command-line editing: 30.14.3. tcsh Editing

completion features: 28.6. Automatic Completion

command-specific: 28.6.3. Command-Specific Completion

configuration files: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

current directory, updating in status line: 4.8. Session Info in Window Title or Status Line

cwdcmd alias for status line updates: 4.8. Session Info in Window Title or Status Line

exit status of previous command: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

> in the prompt: 1.7. Which Shell Am I Running?

highlighting in: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

history (see history of commands)

history file: 30.12.2. C Shells

timestamp-comments in: 30.13. Pass History to Another Shell

limiting file size: 15.5.1. limit and ulimit

loginsh variable: 3.4.1. Login Shells

ls -F built-in command: 8.6. Color ls

8.10. Useful ls Aliases

LS_COLORS environment variable: 8.6.2. Configuring It

pre-prompt commands: 4.16. Preprompt, Pre-execution, and Periodic Commands

printexitvalue shell variable: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

prompt, setting: 4.2. Static Prompts

quotation marks around filenames: 10.9. Renaming, Copying, or Comparing a Set of Files

right-side prompts: 4.11. Right-Side Prompts

rmstar variable, confirming file deletions: 14.4. Tricks for Making rm Safer

set echo verbose command: 5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In

special characters/operators: 27.17. "Special" Characters and Operators

stop command: 23.7. System Overloaded? Try Stopping Some Jobs

su f stucklogin command: 5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In

5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In

wildcards: 33.4. What if a Wildcard Doesn't Match?

35.3. What Environment Variables Are Good For

window name, setting and testing: 3.17. Terminal Setup: Setting and Testing Window Name

.tcshrc file

multiline prompt showing directory stack: 4.14. dirs in Your Prompt: Better Than $cwd

set echo verbose command: 5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In

shlvl shell variable: 4.12. Show Subshell Level with $SHLVL

.tcshrc files: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

tee program: 43.8. Send Output Two or More Places

collecting output of several commands into one file: 43.9. How to tee Several Commands into One Place

process substitution, using with: 43.10. Redirecting Output to More Than One Place

Tek Options menu (xterm): 5.17. The xterm Menus

teletype: 1.4. Communication with Unix

telnet utility: 1.21. Unix Networking and Communications

enabling on Mac OS X: 51.1. Enabling Remote Access on Mac OS X

logging in to host again from same terminal: 3.6. Tip for Changing Account Setup: Keep a Shell Ready

stalled connection with: 5.6.4. Stalled Data Connection?

suspending jobs: 23.13. Stopping Remote Login Sessions

temporary files

filenames ending with ~: 31.11. Finding (Anyone's) Home Directory, Quickly

handling text with: 28.15. Handling Lots of Text with Temporary Files

history numbers, using to locate and remove: 30.7. History by Number

redirecting output to: 37.1.1. Use -xv

swap space on hard disk: 48.6.2. Checking Swap Space

traps, using to clean up: 35.17. Trapping Exits Caused by Interrupts

unique filename generation for: 8.17. Picking a Unique Filename Automatically

vi editor, running out of space for: 17.27. Out of Temporary Space? Use Another Directory

TERM environment variable: 3.10. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

5.2. The Idea of a Terminal Database

35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

setting with tset command: 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

testing with case statement: 35.10. Test String Values with Bourne-Shell case

TERM (terminate) signal: 23.3. Using jobs Effectively

24.10. What Are Signals?

24.13. Printer Queue Watcher: A Restartable Daemon Shell Script

ignoring with nohup command: 23.10. nohup

kill command, using with: 24.12. Destroying Processes with kill

killall command, sending with: 24.16.1. killall -i

termcap database: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

5.2. The Idea of a Terminal Database

termcap entries: 18.2.1. Command Mode Maps

TERMCAP environment variable: 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

resetting with resize command: 5.5. Querying Your xterm Size: resize

terminal driver, eating backslashes before special characters: 27.18. How Many Backslashes?

terminal emulators: 1.22. The X Window System

1.22. The X Window System

5.2. The Idea of a Terminal Database

terminal settings and: 5.8. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters

Terminal program (Mac OS X)

color capabilities: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

command-k to delete scrollback buffer: 4.17. Running Commands When You Log Out

terminal type, setting in shell setup files: 3.5. What Goes in Shell Setup Files?

terminals

automatic setup

environment variables, testing: 3.14. Terminal Setup: Testing Environment Variables

terminal table, searching: 3.15. Terminal Setup: Searching Terminal Table

testing port (tty) numbers: 3.13. Terminal Setup: Testing Port

testing remote hostname and X display: 3.12. Terminal Setup: Testing Remote Hostname and X Display

testing window size: 3.16. Terminal Setup: Testing Window Size

window name, setting and testing: 3.17. Terminal Setup: Setting and Testing Window Name

automatic setups: 3.10. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

capabilities of (see termcap database)

configuring: 5.1. There's a Lot to Know About Terminals

erase, kill, and interrupt characters: 5.8. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters

finding terminal settings with stty command: 5.7. Find Out Terminal Settings with stty

querying terminal type with qterm: 5.4. Querying Your Terminal Type: qterm

size of xterm windows: 5.5. Querying Your xterm Size: resize

terminal hangs at login, fixing: 5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In

terminal type, setting: 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

xterm: 5.9. Working with xterm and Friends

controlling terminal: 24.6. The Controlling Terminal

/dev/tty file: 36.15. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors

escape sequences for nonprinting characters: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

Gnome: 1.10. The Kernel and Daemons

Linux virtual consoles: 4.12. Show Subshell Level with $SHLVL

23.12. Linux Virtual Consoles

login and nonlogin shells: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

Mac OS X: 3.2. The Mac OS X Terminal Application

outputting text from command line into: 36.26. Outputting Text to an X Window

reading from, process groups and: 24.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

reading/writing from: 43.1. Using Standard Input and Output

screen editors vs.: 5.2. The Idea of a Terminal Database

settings in .cshrc.$HOST file: 3.18. A .cshrc.$HOST File for Per Host Setup

status line: 4.8. Session Info in Window Title or Status Line

status line, current directory information: 4.8. Session Info in Window Title or Status Line

TERM environment varialbe: 35.3. What Environment Variables Are Good For

termcap database: 5.2. The Idea of a Terminal Database

TERMCAP environment variable: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

terminfo database: 5.2. The Idea of a Terminal Database

tty number for current users: 2.8. Who's On?

tty types: 2.7. What tty Am I On?

unkillable processes: 24.18. Cleaning Up an Unkillable Process

windows without shells: 24.21. Terminal Windows Without Shells

WTS, connecting to with Citrix: 47.9. Citrix: Making Windows Multiuser

terminating

loops: 31.6. Loop Control: break and continue

processes, signals for: 24.10. What Are Signals?

processes, stopping vs.: 23.3. Using jobs Effectively

terminating lines (see newlines)

terminfo database: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

5.2. The Idea of a Terminal Database

resizing windows: 5.5. Querying Your xterm Size: resize

terminfo entries: 18.2.1. Command Mode Maps

test command: 35.26. test: Testing Files and Strings

-a and -o (and and or) operators: 36.25. Testing Two Strings with One case Statement

numeric tests, errors in: 37.3. Stop Syntax Errors in Numeric Tests

sed editor, script.tidy using in: 37.8. Cleaning script Files

string tests, syntax errors: 37.4. Stop Syntax Errors in String Tests

versions of: 35.26. test: Testing Files and Strings

in while loops: 35.22. Handling Arguments with while and shift

test (t) command, sed editor: 34.21. The sed Test Command

testing

character strings using expr: 36.22. Testing Characters in a String with expr

exit status with if statement: 35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

find command results: 9.10. Using -exec to Create Custom Tests

interactive programs with Expect: 28.18.3. Testing: A Story

strings with case statement: 36.25. Testing Two Strings with One case Statement

terminal type with tset command: 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

TEX

CTAN: 45.13. Formatting Markup Languages — troff, LATEX, HTML, and So On

typesetting with: 45.13. Formatting Markup Languages — troff, LATEX, HTML, and So On

text

analyzing, paired items, checking: 16.8. Looking for Closure

converting files into printing language: 45.15. Converting Text Files into a Printing Language

copying and pasting between windows running vi: 18.5. Keymaps for Pasting into a Window Running vi

copying and pasting in xterms

between windows: 5.21. Tips for Copy and Paste Between Windows

large selections with xclipboard, problems with: 5.20. Problems with Large Selections

xclipboard, using: 5.19. Working with xclipboard

editing features in Emacs: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

editors for (see editors)

empty files and: 43.12. What Can You Do with an Empty File?

formatting for phototypesetters: 45.1. Introduction to Printing

formatting with enscript command: 45.7. Formatting Plain Text: enscript

formatting with pr command: 45.6. Formatting Plain Text: pr

handling with temporary files: 28.15. Handling Lots of Text with Temporary Files

highlighting with hgrep: 13.16. A Highlighting grep

outputting to an X window: 36.26. Outputting Text to an X Window

titlebars and icons, setting xterms for: 5.15. Setting the Titlebar and Icon Text

transformations on, using sed editor: 34.13. Transformations on Text

text files

filename extension: 1.12. Filename Extensions

newline character in: 1.19. When Is a File Not a File?

text processing

columns

making automatically with column: 21.16. Make Columns Automatically with column

making with pr: 21.15. Making Text in Columns with pr

converting with dd utility: 21.13. Text Conversion with dd

indenting text: 21.7. offset: Indent Text

neatening text with fmt: 21.2. Neatening Text with fmt

paired item checking: 16.8. Looking for Closure

re-formatting comment lines: 21.4. Clean Up Program Comment Blocks

removing mail/news headers: 21.5. Remove Mail/News Headers with behead

rotating text: 21.21. Rotating Text

selecting and cutting columns: 21.14. Cutting Columns or Fields

splitting files by context: 21.10. Splitting Files by Context: csplit

straightening jagged columns: 21.17. Straightening Jagged Columns

Text widget commands, editing text sent to xclilpboard: 5.19. Working with xclipboard

Text::Autoformat Perl module: 21.3. Alternatives to fmt

textual analysis, words, extracting: 16.9. Just the Words, Please

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol): 48.5. What We Mean by DoS

then statement: 35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

empty, creating with : operator: 36.6. The Unappreciated Bourne Shell ":" Operator

tilde (~) operator: 3.7. Use Absolute Pathnames in Shell Setup Files

time: 30.7. History by Number

(see also date and time; timestamps)

fields in crontab entries: 25.2.1. Execution Scheduling

file changes and modifications: 8.2. The Three Unix File Times

finding oldest or newest files by: 8.3. Finding Oldest or Newest Files with ls -t and ls -u

of login, recording: 3.1. What Happens When You Log In

picking to run at jobs: 25.8. Avoiding Other at and cron Jobs

showing with history command: 30.7. History by Number

on Unix systems: 37.6. How Unix Keeps Time

time command: 26.1. Timing Is Everything

26.2. Timing Programs

36.3. Don't Need a Shell for Your Script? Don't Use One

time daemon: 37.6. How Unix Keeps Time

time operators, find command (-mtime, -atime, and -ctime): 9.7. The Times That find Finds

9.8. Exact File-Time Comparisons

Time to go now.... message: 25.9. Waiting a Little While: sleep

timeout keyword: 28.18. Expect

timestamps: 8.2. The Three Unix File Times

arbitrary, creating files with: 9.8. Exact File-Time Comparisons

comparing with make program: 11.10. make Isn't Just for Programmers!

inode information: 14.2. How Unix Keeps Track of Files: Inodes

kept by tcsh and zsh with their history: 30.7. History by Number

listing with diff commands: 11.3. Context diffs

listing/finding files by: 8.3. Finding Oldest or Newest Files with ls -t and ls -u

8.8. A csh Alias to List Recently Changed Files

8.14. Listing Files by Age and Size

sed editor and: 34.4.2. runsed

timex command: 26.2. Timing Programs

timezones, TZ variable for: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

timing programs: 26.2. Timing Programs

tip program: 28.18.1. Dialback

titlebars in xterm: 5.15. Setting the Titlebar and Icon Text

/tmp directory: 40.1. /usr/bin and Other Software Directories

history files in: 30.12.1. bash, ksh, zsh

sharing with SMB network: 47.2. Installing and Configuring Samba

tolower command (awk): 20.10.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

toolkits (X Window): 6.3. X Resource Syntax

top command: 24.5. The ps Command

26.1. Timing Is Everything

top-level domains (TLDs): 46.9. Domain Name Service (DNS)

touch command

-i file, creating for file deletion: 14.8. Safer File Deletion in Some Directories

creating file with arbitrary timestamp: 9.8. Exact File-Time Comparisons

toupper command (awk): 20.10.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

tpipe command: 43.10. Redirecting Output to More Than One Place

tr command: 16.7. Find a a Doubled Word

21.11. Hacking on Characters with tr

-cs options, listing words in a file: 16.9. Just the Words, Please

-d option, deleting characters in strings: 21.11. Hacking on Characters with tr

Berkeley vs. System V: 21.11. Hacking on Characters with tr

converting characters: 1.8. Anyone Can Program the Shell

filtering vi text through to convert case: 17.18. Filtering Text Through a Unix Command

NUL-separated entries from environ file, translating to newline-separated lines: 24.9.4. Statistics of Processes by PID

squeeze option: 21.11. Hacking on Characters with tr

storing control characters in shell variables: 37.8. Cleaning script Files

traceroute program: 46.4. Where, Oh Where Did That Packet Go?

tracked aliases: 27.6. Controlling Shell Command Searches

29.5. Korn-Shell Aliases

transform command (y), sed editor: 34.13. Transformations on Text

34.15. Transforming Part of a Line

translation tables: 6.4. X Event Translations

example: 6.4. X Event Translations

syntax for specifying as a resource: 6.4. X Event Translations

Transport Control Protocol (see TCP TCP/IP)

trap command: 4.15. External Commands Send Signals to Set Variables

24.11. Killing Foreground Jobs

24.13. Printer Queue Watcher: A Restartable Daemon Shell Script

exits caused by interrupted scripts: 35.17. Trapping Exits Caused by Interrupts

signals for: 35.17. Trapping Exits Caused by Interrupts

trapping signals: 24.10. What Are Signals?

trash directory: 14.9. Safe Delete: Pros and Cons

trees, directory (see under directories)

troff: 45.11. A Bit of Unix Typesetting History

45.13. Formatting Markup Languages — troff, LATEX, HTML, and So On

troubleshooting

stalled data connections: 5.6.4. Stalled Data Connection?

stray prompt problems: 4.5. C-Shell Prompt Causes Problems in vi, rsh, etc.

true command: 36.6. The Unappreciated Bourne Shell ":" Operator

true (exit status) utility: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

true or false values in Perl: 41.5.1. Scalars

trusted-host authentication, problems with: 51.5. General and Authentication Problems

tset command: 3.10. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

key settings, changes in: 5.8. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters

m (map) option: 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

Q (quiet) option: 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

TSTP (stop) signal: 24.10. What Are Signals?

tty: 1.4. Communication with Unix

tty command: 2.7. What tty Am I On?

24.6. The Controlling Terminal

tty number

displaying with usernames: 2.8. Who's On?

in ps listing: 24.6. The Controlling Terminal

tty serial port, for activity monitoring: 24.2. fork and exec

tty-type virtual consoles: 23.12.1. What Are They?

ttys and ttytab files: 3.15. Terminal Setup: Searching Terminal Table

twm window manager: 47.7.2. Setting up VNC on Unix

type command: 2.6. Which Version Am I Using?

27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

-type operator (find command): 9.12. Finding Many Things with One Command

9.13. Searching for Files by Type

typescript file: 37.7. Copy What You Do with script

typeset -f command, listing functions you've defined: 29.11.5. Conclusion

typesetting: 45.1. Introduction to Printing

converting typeset files into printing language: 45.16. Converting Typeset Files into a Printing Language

manpages with nroff: 45.12. Typesetting Manpages: nroff

overview: 45.10. Introduction to Typesetting

Unix history of: 45.11. A Bit of Unix Typesetting History

typos, fixing with vi abbreviations: 17.25. Fixing Typos with vi Abbreviations

TZ (timezone) environment variable: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

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