Symbols & Numbers | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Index: E

each function (Perl): 41.5.3. Hashes

EBCDIC, converting ASCII to: 21.13. Text Conversion with dd

echo command

awk or cut, using with: 36.23.2. Using echo with awk or cut

backslashes ( ) in shell quoting and argument separation: 27.18. How Many Backslashes?

checking shell interpretation of regular expression special characters: 32.2. Don't Confuse Regular Expressions with Wildcards

ending with n>&m operator: 35.17. Trapping Exits Caused by Interrupts

escaped characters, handling: 36.14. A while Loop with Several Loop Control Commands

external versions of: 27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

opttest script (example): 35.24. Standard Command-Line Parsing

PATH for directory, finding: 7.4. A bin Directory for Your Programs and Scripts

printing value of individual shell variable: 35.9. Shell Variables

showing values of variables: 35.3. What Environment Variables Are Good For

storing control characters in shell variables: 37.8. Cleaning script Files

testing filenames with wildcards in them: 8.12. Showing Nonprintable Characters in Filenames

turning off for secret answers: 36.20. Turn Off echo for "Secret" Answers

writing special escape sequences: 4.8. Session Info in Window Title or Status Line

zmore script, use in: 35.17. Trapping Exits Caused by Interrupts

echo shell variable: 27.15. Verbose and Echo Settings Show Quoting

ed editor: 11.1. Checking Differences with diff

20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

batch editing, example of: 20.7. ed/ex Batch Edits: A Typical Example

diff command, using with script: 20.6. Change Many Files by Editing Just One

ex commands and: 20.4. Useful ex Commands

failure on big files: 20.8. Batch Editing Gotcha: Editors Fail on Big Files

search and replacement patterns, regular expression metacharacters in: 32.20. Valid Metacharacters for Different Unix Programs

edit option (xrdb): 6.8. Setting Resources with xrdb

editing

advanced techniques in Emacs: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

columns, creating automatically with column: 21.16. Make Columns Automatically with column

command-line, with ksh: 1.6. There Are Many Shells

history and variable substitutions with : (colon) string editing operators: 28.5. String Editing (Colon) Operators

interactive, on command line: 30.1. The Lessons of History

interactive, on shell command line

command history: 30.14. Shell Command-Line Editing

paired item checking in text: 16.8. Looking for Closure

scripts for: 21.1. And Why Not?

behead script, removing mail/news headers: 21.5. Remove Mail/News Headers with behead

centering lines: 21.8. Centering Lines in a File

cutting columns or fields: 21.14. Cutting Columns or Fields

encoding binary files into ASCII: 21.12. Encoding "Binary" Files into ASCII

fmt.sh: 21.3. Alternatives to fmt

joining lines with join: 21.19. Joining Lines with join

making text in columns with pr: 21.15. Making Text in Columns with pr

offset script, indenting text: 21.7. offset: Indent Text

pasting into columns: 21.18. Pasting Things in Columns

program comment blocks, cleaning up: 21.4. Clean Up Program Comment Blocks

21.4. Clean Up Program Comment Blocks

rotating text with rot: 21.21. Rotating Text

splitting files by context (csplit): 21.10. Splitting Files by Context: csplit

straightening jagged columns columns: 21.17. Straightening Jagged Columns

text conversion with dd: 21.13. Text Conversion with dd

translating characters with tr: 21.11. Hacking on Characters with tr

uniq command: 21.20. What Is (or Isn't) Unique?

writing: 20.2. Writing Editing Scripts

spell checking (see spell checking)

editing modes (command): 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

editing modes, Emacs: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

EDITOR environment variable: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

editors

batch: 20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

20.4. Useful ex Commands

(see also entries under individual editor names)

awk: 20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

ed: 20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

ex: 20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

line addressing: 20.3. Line Addressing

patch: 20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

sed: 20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

completion, functions for: 28.6.4. Editor Functions for Completion

EDITOR environment variable: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

Emacs: 17.1. The vi Editor: Why So Much Material?

19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

(see also Emacs editor)

file ownership and: 50.3. Who Will Own a New File?

ignoring signals: 24.11. Killing Foreground Jobs

locking files before editing: 36.27. Shell Lockfile

Python: 42.3.1. Indentation

sed: 34.1. sed Sermon^H^H^H^H^H^HSummary

vi: 17.1. The vi Editor: Why So Much Material?

17.1. The vi Editor: Why So Much Material?

(see also vi editor)

running ex scripts in: 20.5. Running Editing Scripts Within vi

vim: 17.1. The vi Editor: Why So Much Material?

egrep command: 9.21. grepping a Directory Tree

13.1. Different Versions of grep

13.4. Extended Searching for Text with egrep

-f option: 13.5. grepping for a List of Patterns

-i option: 2.4. Searching Online Manual Pages

-v option

excluding files from deletion: 14.18. Removing Every File but One

case-insensitive searches, faking: 13.12. Faking Case-Insensitive Searches

extended regular expressions, use of: 32.4. Using Metacharacters in Regular Expressions

32.15. Extended Regular Expressions

picking processes to kill: 24.16.2. zap

regular expression, building for: 9.22. lookfor: Which File Has That Word?

regular expressions to match tar archive filenames: 38.10.1. Without GNU tar

regular expressions used with, search pattern examples: 32.21.1. Examples of Searching

running on RCS files: 13.7.1. rcsgrep, rcsegrep, rcsfgrep

eight-bit filenames, deleting files with: 14.14. Using unlink to Remove a File with a Strange Name

elapsed time: 26.2. Timing Programs

elif statement: 35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

else statement: 35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

using while leaving then empty: 36.6. The Unappreciated Bourne Shell ":" Operator

Emacs editor: 17.1. The vi Editor: Why So Much Material?

19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

advantages of: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

backup and auto-save files: 19.4. Backup and Auto-Save Files

backup files: 1.12. Filename Extensions

ignoring with ls -B: 8.7. Some GNU ls Features

built-in editor functions in pdksh shell: 30.14.4. ksh Editing

command completion: 19.6. Command Completion

command-line editing: 30.14.2. Emacs Editing Mode

customization: 19.7. Mike's Favorite Timesavers

and how to avoid: 19.3. Customizations and How to Avoid Them

deleting characters and lines: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

directories for hacks: 19.12. Directories for Emacs Hacks

.emacs file

abbreviations in: 19.11.2. Making Word Abbreviations Part of Your Startup

search customization file, adding to: 19.8. Rational Searches

exiting: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

features, listing of: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

cusomization: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

editing modes: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

FTP: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

HTTP: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

keyboard macros and advanced editing: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

mail: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

mouse, not having to use with: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

windows: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

file ownership: 50.3. Who Will Own a New File?

insert mode vs. overwrite: 19.5. Putting Emacs in Overwrite Mode

inserting binary characters into files: 19.10. Inserting Binary Characters into Files

moving around in: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

online help, key bindings abbreviations vs. those used in this book: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

psychotherapist program: 19.13. An Absurd Amusement

PWD, unsetting before using: 19.9. Unset PWD Before Using Emacs

searches, customization of: 19.8. Rational Searches

shells, running in: 19.2. Emacs Features: A Laundry List

signals, ignoring: 24.11. Killing Foreground Jobs

starting: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

temporary files generated by: 31.11. Finding (Anyone's) Home Directory, Quickly

undoing actions: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

.emacs initialization file: 19.3. Customizations and How to Avoid Them

.emacs_ml file: 19.7. Mike's Favorite Timesavers

email: 5.21. Tips for Copy and Paste Between Windows

(see also mail)

header and body, proper formation of: 21.12.2. MIME Encoding

MH system, command completion for: 28.6.3. Command-Specific Completion

reformatting messages for xterms: 5.21. Tips for Copy and Paste Between Windows

shortcut for multiple addresses: 28.4. Build Strings with { }

SMTP (Simple Message Transfer Protocol): 46.8. Mail — SMTP, POP, and IMAP

empty files: 9.21. grepping a Directory Tree

43.12. What Can You Do with an Empty File?

empty num variable, numeric test error: 37.3. Stop Syntax Errors in Numeric Tests

empty passwords, SSH server and: 51.5. General and Authentication Problems

emptying files: 15.2. Instead of Removing a File, Empty It

emulating Windows API (wine program): 47.8.2. Wine

enable command: 27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

encoding

binary files into ASCII: 21.12. Encoding "Binary" Files into ASCII

MIME encoding: 21.12.2. MIME Encoding

uuencoding: 21.12.1. uuencoding

full binary text with base64: 21.12.2. MIME Encoding

encrypting all files in a directory (crypdir script): 28.18.2. Automating /bin/passwd

end anchor ($) in regular expressions: 32.5. Regular Expressions: The Anchor Characters ^ and $

end of a file, displaying with tail command: 12.8. How to Look at the End of a File: tail

end-of-file character (expect eof command): 28.18.2. Automating /bin/passwd

End of file unexpected error: 37.1. Tips for Debugging Shell Scripts

exit early, using to find error: 37.1.3. Exit Early

end-of-input character (usually CTRL-d): 24.4. Subshells

end-of-line characters (see newlines)

END pattern, awk: 20.10.2.1. Patterns

endless loops: 36.6. The Unappreciated Bourne Shell ":" Operator

starting with shell functions: 27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

Enlightenment: 1.10. The Kernel and Daemons

enscript program: 45.7. Formatting Plain Text: enscript

.enter file: 31.13. Automatic Setup When You Enter/Exit a Directory

entering directories, automatic setup for: 31.13. Automatic Setup When You Enter/Exit a Directory

env command: 24.9.4. Statistics of Processes by PID

35.3. What Environment Variables Are Good For

35.9. Shell Variables

checking for environment changes at different systems: 3.14. Terminal Setup: Testing Environment Variables

running scripts from kernel: 36.4. Making #! Search the PATH

ENV environment variable: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

Bourne shells, setting up: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

Korn shells, setting: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

environment: 24.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

current process, finding for: 24.9.4. Statistics of Processes by PID

temporary changes in: 43.7.2. Temporary Change of Directory and Environment

environment variables: 24.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

35.3. What Environment Variables Are Good For

AT: 3.9. Gotchas in set prompt Test

CBLKWID (comment block width): 21.4.1. The recomment Script

CDPATH: 31.5. Saving Time When You Change Directories: cdpath

CLICOLOR: 8.6.4. Another color ls

in .cshrc.$HOST file: 3.18. A .cshrc.$HOST File for Per Host Setup

CSHRC_READ: 3.9. Gotchas in set prompt Test

CVSROOT: 39.7. CVS Basics

39.8. More CVS

CVS_RSH: 39.8. More CVS

DISPLAY: 6.10.2. Starting a Remote Client with rsh and ssh

35.8. The DISPLAY Environment Variable

setting for remote X client: 6.10.1. Starting Remote X Clients from Interactive Logins

DISTDIR: 40.9. Installation with FreeBSD Ports

EDITOR: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

ENV, for Bourne shells: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

EXINIT: 17.5. Local Settings for vi

17.27. Out of Temporary Space? Use Another Directory

FPATH: 29.13.2. FPATH Search Path

HISTFILESIZE: 30.12. Picking Up Where You Left Off

HISTSIZE: 30.1. The Lessons of History

30.12. Picking Up Where You Left Off

HOME: 31.11. Finding (Anyone's) Home Directory, Quickly

$HOME and $LOGDIR: 3.7. Use Absolute Pathnames in Shell Setup Files

LINES and COLUMNS: 3.16. Terminal Setup: Testing Window Size

LOGDIR: 31.11. Finding (Anyone's) Home Directory, Quickly

LSCOLORS: 8.6.4. Another color ls

MANPATH: 2.1. The man Command

3.21. Make Your Own Manpages Without Learning troff

modification by programs: 35.29. Reading Files with the . and source Commands

names: 35.3. What Environment Variables Are Good For

PATH: 35.6. The PATH Environment Variable

path shell variable and: 35.7. PATH and path

predefined, listing of: 35.5. Predefined Environment Variables

PWD: 19.9. Unset PWD Before Using Emacs

SAVEHIST (zsh): 30.12. Picking Up Where You Left Off

setting in shell setup files: 3.5. What Goes in Shell Setup Files?

SHELL: 5.5. Querying Your xterm Size: resize

shell functions and: 29.11.3. Setting Current Shell Environment: The work Function

shell functions, changing for: 29.12. Shell Function Specifics

shell variables vs.: 35.3. What Environment Variables Are Good For

35.9. Shell Variables

SHLVL: 4.12. Show Subshell Level with $SHLVL

system-wide setup: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

C shells: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

TERM: 3.10. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

5.2. The Idea of a Terminal Database

terminal setup, testing for: 3.14. Terminal Setup: Testing Environment Variables

WINNAME: 3.17. Terminal Setup: Setting and Testing Window Name

WORDLIST: 16.2. Check Spelling Interactively with ispell

16.5. Adding Words to ispell's Dictionary

zsh shells: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

epoch: 37.6. How Unix Keeps Time

eq operator: 41.5.1. Scalars

equality, ne (string inequality test) operator: 41.5.1. Scalars

erase character

# as: 5.8. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters

BACKSPACE: 37.8. Cleaning script Files

DELETE: 37.8. Cleaning script Files

erase character, setting automatically for X terminals: 3.10. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

erase characters, setting: 5.8. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters

error messages: 43.1. Using Standard Input and Output

(see also standard error)

program names included in: 35.28. Finding a Program Name and Giving Your Program Multiple Names

scrolling off screen: 43.4. Problems Piping to a Pager

signals as: 24.10. What Are Signals?

errors

End of file unexpected: 37.1. Tips for Debugging Shell Scripts

exit early, using to find error: 37.1.3. Exit Early

unmatched operators as cause: 37.1.2. Unmatched Operators

fi unexpected: 37.1.4. Missing or Extra esac, ;;, fi, etc.

line #: ;; unexpected: 37.1.4. Missing or Extra esac, ;;, fi, etc.

numeric test syntax errors: 37.3. Stop Syntax Errors in Numeric Tests

stderr (see standard error)

string test syntax errors: 37.4. Stop Syntax Errors in String Tests

wildcard matching failure: 33.4. What if a Wildcard Doesn't Match?

ESC key, file completion and: 28.7. Don't Match Useless Files in Filename Completion

ESC-x in Emacs: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

ESC Z string: 5.4. Querying Your Terminal Type: qterm

escape sequences

copied by script program into files: 37.7. Copy What You Do with script

for colors: 8.6.1. Trying It

nonprinting, in shell prompts: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

prompt settings and: 4.10. Highlighting and Color in Shell Prompts

titlebar text, changing in xterms: 5.15. Setting the Titlebar and Icon Text

writing with echo command: 4.8. Session Info in Window Title or Status Line

xterm VT Fonts menu: 5.18.2. Enabling Escape Sequence and Selection

escaping regular expression metacharacters: 32.5. Regular Expressions: The Anchor Characters ^ and $

etc/group file, passwords: 50.2.2. Which Group is Which?

/etc directory: 40.1. /usr/bin and Other Software Directories

/etc/apt directory: 40.6.1. Configuring the sources.list File

/etc/csh.cshrc file: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

/etc/csh.login file: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

/etc/fstab file: 44.5. Filesystem Types and /etc/fstab

shared filesystems in: 44.9. Mounting Network Filesystems — NFS, SMBFS

/etc/hosts file, IP address to hostname mapping: 46.9. Domain Name Service (DNS)

/etc/hosts.allow file

hosts.allow file, tcp_wrappers package: 46.5. The Director of Operations: inetd

/etc/hosts.equiv file: 6.10.2. Starting a Remote Client with rsh and ssh

/etc/inetd.conf file: 46.5. The Director of Operations: inetd

51.1. Enabling Remote Access on Mac OS X

Samba daemons, adding to: 47.2. Installing and Configuring Samba

swat, adding to: 47.4. SWAT and GUI SMB Browsers

/etc/inputrc file: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

/etc/man.config file: 2.1. The man Command

/etc/nologin file: 3.1. What Happens When You Log In

49.13. Disable logins

/etc/passwd file: 1.17. File Access Permissions

documentation on System V machine, reading: 2.1. The man Command

Samba authentication, using for: 47.3. Securing Samba

storing passwords on Mac OS X: 1.7. Which Shell Am I Running?

/etc/profile file: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

Korn shell: 3.3. Shell Setup Files — Which, Where, and Why

/etc/securetty file, disabling root access: 49.10. Never Log In as root

/etc/services file: 46.2. /etc/services Is Your Friend

swat tool: 47.4. SWAT and GUI SMB Browsers

/etc/ttys file: 2.7. What tty Am I On?

3.15. Terminal Setup: Searching Terminal Table

/etc/ttytab file: 3.15. Terminal Setup: Searching Terminal Table

ethereal program: 46.4. Where, Oh Where Did That Packet Go?

Ethernet address: 46.10. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

ethernet cards: 44.1. Quick Introduction to Hardware

eval command: 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

27.8. eval: When You Need Another Chance

awk compared to: 35.19. Shell Script "Wrappers" for awk, sed, etc.

last parameter from command line, picking: 36.9. Finding the Last Command-Line Argument

resize output, evaluating: 5.5. Querying Your xterm Size: resize

scanning contents of variables: 36.12. Making a for Loop with Multiple Variables

sed, using with: 36.23.4. Using sed

evaluating

expressions: 9.12. Finding Many Things with One Command

32.3. Understanding Expressions

multiple commands: 28.18. Expect

event translations: 6.4. X Event Translations

overriding default: 6.4. X Event Translations

translation table: 6.4. X Event Translations

events: 6.4. X Event Translations

ex command, line-numbering with: 12.13. Numbering Lines

ex editor: 20.1. Why Line Editors Aren't Dinosaurs

appending to file: 17.12. Appending to an Existing File

batch editing, example of: 20.7. ed/ex Batch Edits: A Typical Example

capitalizing words: 17.16. Capitalizing Every Word on a Line

commands: 20.4. Useful ex Commands

confirming substitutions: 17.9. Confirming Substitutions in vi

deleting by patterns: 17.13. Moving Blocks of Text by Patterns

ex command mode in vi: 18.10. Typing in Uppercase Without CAPS LOCK

file recovery: 17.19. vi File Recovery Versus Networked Filesystems

global command: 17.8.1. Global Searches

line addressing: 20.3. Line Addressing

20.3. Line Addressing

multiple setup files: 17.17. Per-File Setups in Separate Files

protecting vi keymaps from interpretation by: 18.6. Protecting Keys from Interpretation by ex

quoting | (vertical bar): 18.6. Protecting Keys from Interpretation by ex

regular expressions used in

search and replace commands: 32.21.2. Examples of Searching and Replacing

running scripts in vi: 20.5. Running Editing Scripts Within vi

saving part of file: 17.11. Saving Part of a File

search and replacement patterns, regular expression metacharacters in: 32.20. Valid Metacharacters for Different Unix Programs

search patterns and global commands, using: 17.8. Using Search Patterns and Global Commands

settings: 17.5. Local Settings for vi

startup commands: 17.5. Local Settings for vi

switching between files: 17.3. Editing Multiple Files with vi

yank buffers: 17.4. Edits Between Files

exchange command (x), sed editor: 34.14. Hold Space: The Set-Aside Buffer

34.17. The Deliberate Scrivener

excluding files from deletion: 14.18. Removing Every File but One

exec command: 36.5. The exec Command

manipulation of file descriptors: 36.5. The exec Command

replacing one shell with another: 36.5. The exec Command

typing at shell prompt: 24.2. fork and exec

-exec operator (find command): 9.9. Running Commands on What You Find

{ } operator, using with: 9.17. Duplicating a Directory Tree

creating custom tests: 9.10. Using -exec to Create Custom Tests

using with -type and -name: 9.12. Finding Many Things with One Command

xargs command vs.: 9.9. Running Commands on What You Find

exec system call: 27.2. How the Shell Executes Other Commands

typing at a shell prompt: 24.2. fork and exec

executable files

#!, making directly executable with: 36.1. Beyond the Basics

chmod command: 1.8. Anyone Can Program the Shell

external, tracking locations with aliases: 29.5. Korn-Shell Aliases

last-access time: 8.3. Finding Oldest or Newest Files with ls -t and ls -u

locating for programs: 2.3. whereis: Finding Where a Command Is Located

multiple commands linked to a file: 36.8. Save Disk Space and Programming: Multiple Names for a Program

permissions on: 35.1. Writing a Simple Shell Program

strip command: 15.10. Save Space in Executable Files with strip

execute permission

changing with chmod: 50.5. Using chmod to Change File Permission

for directories: 50.2. Tutorial on File and Directory Permissions

script for changing: 50.8. cx, cw, c-w: Quick File Permission Changes

shell scripts: 50.13. Shell Scripts Must Be Readable and (Usually) Executable

without read permission: 50.10. A Directory That People Can Access but Can't List

execution, delayed (see delayed execution)

execution statistics, report summarizing: 24.5. The ps Command

exim program: 46.8. Mail — SMTP, POP, and IMAP

EXINIT environment variable: 17.5. Local Settings for vi

17.27. Out of Temporary Space? Use Another Directory

exists function (Perl): 41.5.3. Hashes

exit ( ) function (Perl): 41.4. Perl Boot Camp, Part 1: Typical Script Anatomy

exit command

awk utility: 20.10.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

effect on subshells: 24.4. Subshells

ending scripts: 37.7. Copy What You Do with script

lpc: 45.3. Printer Control with lpc

reading logout file when using: 3.8. Setup Files Aren't Read When You Want?

.exit file: 31.13. Automatic Setup When You Enter/Exit a Directory

exit status

dead processes and: 24.19. Why You Can't Kill a Zombie

diff and cmp, returned by: 11.7. cmp and diff

of loops: 36.14. A while Loop with Several Loop Control Commands

of pipelines: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

printing for any program not returning zero: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

returned by : operator: 36.6. The Unappreciated Bourne Shell ":" Operator

returned by processes: 24.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts

reversing for command line in bash and zsh: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

rm and rm -f command: 14.10. Deletion with Prejudice: rm -f

sh -e command: 36.18. Shell Scripts On-the-Fly from Standard Input

testing with if statement: 35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

testing with loops: 35.15. Loops That Test Exit Status

of Unix processes: 35.12. Exit Status of Unix Processes

values for expr: 36.21.1. Syntax

36.22. Testing Characters in a String with expr

zero: 35.15. Loops That Test Exit Status

exit test, if (! $?prompt): 3.9. Gotchas in set prompt Test

exiting

directories, automatic setup for: 31.13. Automatic Setup When You Enter/Exit a Directory

Emacs: 19.1. Emacs: The Other Editor

loops: 41.6. Perl Boot Camp, Part 3: Branching and Looping

shell to close a window: 24.20. The Process Chain to Your Window

exp command (awk): 20.10.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

expansion of wildcards by shells: 27.7. Wildcards Inside Aliases

quoting regular expressions to prevent: 32.2. Don't Confuse Regular Expressions with Wildcards

shortcuts: 37.5. Quoting and Command-Line Parameters

expect command: 28.18. Expect

expect eof command: 28.18.2. Automating /bin/passwd

Expect programs: 28.18. Expect

automating /bin/passwd: 28.18.2. Automating /bin/passwd

cryptdir script: 28.18.2. Automating /bin/passwd

dialback script: 28.18.1. Dialback

passmass script: 28.18.2. Automating /bin/passwd

rftp script: 28.18.2. Automating /bin/passwd

Tcl language, writing in: 28.18. Expect

testing interactive programs: 28.18.3. Testing: A Story

exporting bash shell functions: 29.13.1. Exporting bash Functions

expr command: 16.6. Counting Lines, Words, and Characters: wc

36.21. Quick Reference: expr

arguments

$*: 36.23.1. Matching with expr

arithmetic operators used with: 36.21.1. Syntax

examples of: 36.21.2. Examples

exit status values: 36.21.1. Syntax

logical operators used with: 36.21.1. Syntax

matching parts of strings with regular expressions: 36.23.1. Matching with expr

relational operators used with: 36.21.1. Syntax

syntax: 36.21.1. Syntax

testing character strings: 36.22. Testing Characters in a String with expr

expressions: 9.12. Finding Many Things with One Command

9.12. Finding Many Things with One Command

32.1. That's an Expression

conditional: 35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

35.13. Test Exit Status with the if Statement

order of evaluation in Perl: 41.5.1. Scalars

in Python lambdas: 42.3.2. Functions

regular expressions vs.: 32.3. Understanding Expressions

.exrc file

local settings for vi: 17.5. Local Settings for vi

setting up vi editor with: 17.30. Setting Up vi with the .exrc File

extended expressions, matching more than one process: 24.16.2. zap

extended grep (see egrep command)

extended partition: 44.4. Disk Partitioning

extended regular expressions: 32.4. Using Metacharacters in Regular Expressions

32.15. Extended Regular Expressions

extensions, filename: 1.12. Filename Extensions

:e string editing operator: 28.5. String Editing (Colon) Operators

wildcard matching and: 33.2. Filename Wildcards in a Nutshell

external commands: 1.9. Internal and External Commands

4.6. Faster Prompt Setting with Built-ins

27.9. Which One Will bash Use?

C shell, determining whether to use: 27.10. Which One Will the C Shell Use?

creating subshell for execution in Perl: 41.8. Perl Boot Camp, Part 5: Perl Knows Unix

executing: 27.2. How the Shell Executes Other Commands

setting shell variables with: 4.15. External Commands Send Signals to Set Variables

extract function (tar): 39.2. Using tar to Create and Unpack Archives

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